Surgeries for urinary incontinence (TVT and TOT & TVTO)

Urinary incontinence is poor bladder control, causing leakage of urine due to stress associated with certain actions such as lifting or sneezing. Surgeries to treat urinary incontinence in women include TVT (tension-free vaginal tape), TOT (trans obturator tape) and TVTO (tension-free vaginal tape obturator), all of which use a sling made of synthetic or human tissue to support the junction of the bladder and urethra.